2012高考英語復習：高考英語詞匯400題及詳解（四）

　　151. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.

　　   A. hope    B. wait    C. expect    D. imagine

　　[答案]C. expert.

　　[注釋]expert期望，盼望，表示認為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......，強調“等”這一動詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來趕上晚餐，但他沒有來。)則句子使是對的。由此可見，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遺憾，我不能想象人家那樣做實驗。)

　　本題譯文：我們不能期望一個人在這樣短的時間內改變一輩子養成的習慣。

　　152. It was necessary to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.

　　   A. extend    B. increase    C. lengthen    D. magnify

　　[答案]A. extend.

　　[注釋]本題中extend意為“擴大”。lengthen拉長,延長。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 傳播；vt.展開；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)

　　153. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were too long.

　　A. change  B. variation  C. revision  D. alteration

　　[答案]D alteration.

　　[注釋]alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改變。Change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質的、內在的變化。Revision修訂、修正，常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正。Variation(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動：We need some variation in our daily routine.(我們的例行公事需要作些變動。)

　　154. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray within a year.

　　A. faded    B. fainted    C. paled    D. diminished

　　[答案]A. faded.

　　[注釋]fade vt/vi褪色。Faint暈到，變得虛弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.減少：1)His illness diminished his strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(隨著日子的緩緩消逝，野營者的食品供應日益減少。)pale變蒼白。

　　155. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too highly of him.

　　   A. As a result     B. By the way

　　   C. On the whole    D. In a word

　　[答案]D. In a word.

　　[注釋]in a word(=in short)總之，簡言之。

　　本題是測試“過度詞”，考生務必根據上下文的邏輯關系來選擇適當的過渡詞，使句子的意思前后連貫。

　　156. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.

　　   A. confirm    B. confine    C. conform    D. conceive

　　[答案]A. confirm.

　　[注釋] confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)證實，確實：1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(請把你電話中所說的話再用文字復述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(國王確認，這次選擇將于六月二十日舉行。)confine...to把......限制于：Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(請把你的話限止于我們正在談論的題目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very quickly conceived a new plan.[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他們不能想象失敗的可能。)

　　157. Political parties often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.

　　A. ways    B. measures    C. issues    D. patterns

　　[答案]c. issues.

　　[注釋]issue此處意為“重大問題”。measure措施，雖然填入本題也說得過去，但不夠貼切。pattern模式，圖案，圖樣。與題意不符，不能入選。way 方法，方式。

　　158. _____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.

　　   A. In spite of      B. On account of

　　   C. Regardless of    D. Instead of

　　[答案]B. On account of

　　[注釋]on account of(=because of)由于，因為。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顧；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.

　　159. The lawyer was expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.

　　   A. come up with    B. put up with

　　   C. look up to      D. keep up with

　　[答案]A. come up with.

　　[注釋]come up with提出。參閱Ⅲ，33。注釋。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，與......保持一致；look up to尊敬。

　　160. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.

　　   A. occasionally    B. simultaneously

　　   C. eventually      D. directly

　　[答案]A. occasionally.

　　[注釋]occasionally 偶爾。參閱IV。137注釋。Simultaniously同時地；  directly直接

　　161. In my opinion, you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active participation.

　　   A. dimension    B. volume    C. magnitude    D. scope

　　[答案]D. scope.

　　[注釋]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ; range)(活動)范圍，機會，余地：The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一個國家的政治不屬于旅游手冊的內容范圍之內。)

　　dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitude大小，數量；volume體積。均不切題，不能入選。

　　本題譯文：依我看，通過你的積極參與，你能夠擴大這些改進措施的范圍。

　　162. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.

　　   A. dim    B. soft    C. faint    D. gentle

　　[答案]c. faint.

　　[注釋]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a candle(微弱的燭光)。

　　163. If he refuses to _____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.

　　   A. put up with     B. fall in with

　　   C. do away with    D. get along with

　　[答案]B. fall in with.

　　[注釋]fall in with(=agree to)同意：Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他們的意見嗎？)put up with忍受。do away with廢除；殺死。get along with進行，進展；相處。

　　本題譯文：如果他不肯同意我的計劃，我或許能找一個更能合作的人。

　　164. Some people either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.

　　A. violently B. sincerely  C. properly  D. deliberately

　　[答案]D. deliberately.

　　[注釋]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真誠地；violently強暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地，恰當地；She never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她從來也不打算好好地把它擦干凈。) 2)嚴格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(嚴格地說，鯨魚不是魚。)

　　165. Her skirt had been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.

　　   A. faded    B. torn    C. dirty    D. crushed

　　[答案]D. crushed.

　　[注釋]crush把......弄皺。因為后半句中iron指“熨平”，所以不能選其他答案了。

　　166. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.

　　   A. threat    B. notice    C. advice    D. caution

　　[答案]B. notice.

　　[注釋]notice預先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇員一個月后離職)。

　　本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。

　　167. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.

　　A. anyone    B. the others    C. that    D. the ones

　　[答案]D. the ones

　　[注釋]代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復。如果它替代的名詞是復數，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.

　　168. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.

　　A. average    B. ordinary    C. regular    D. normal

　　[答案]D. normal

　　[注釋]normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有規律的，定期的。

　　169. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.

　　A. anything but B. more or less  C. at large  D. any more

　　[答案]B. more or less.

　　[注釋]more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大體上；逍遙法外；詳細地。

　　本題譯文：隨著經濟基礎的改變，整個龐大的上層建筑也或多或少地發生變革。

　　170. The author of the report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.

　　A. acquainted B. informed  C. enlightened  D. advised

　　[答案]A. acquainted.

　　[注釋]be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)對......消息靈通。可見，此題中應用acquainted,因為后面地介詞是with.

　　171. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.

　　 A. process   B. attention    C. measure    D. part

　　[答案]D. part.

　　[注釋]take part in參加。

　　本題譯文：顯然，整個世界正經歷著一場社會革命；科學家和技術人員必定是這場革命地主要參加者。

　　172. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.

　　 A. at length    B. at last    C. at stake    D. at ease

　　[答案]C. at stake.

　　[注釋]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危險中；利害攸關；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身瀕臨危險。);  at last最終；at length詳細地；at ease安詳，自在，隨便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)

　　本題譯文：農民們比城里人更渴望魚，因為雨水對農民來說關系更大。

　　173. When the big bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _____.

　　   A. fall short of    B. fall through

　　   C. fall back on     D. fall in with

　　[答案]C. fall back on.

　　[注釋]fall back on求助于。參閱Ⅲ.48注釋。

　　Fall short of沒達到，低于：1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他沒有達到我們的期望。) 2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的這些措施遠沒達到需要的 目標。)Fall in with與......一致，符合；同意，贊成，支持。Fall through落空。參閱Ⅲ.49注釋。

　　本題譯文：母親在醫院就醫的各種帳單送來時，父親高興的是他可用銀行里的存款來支付。

　　174. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.

　　A. beautiful    B. natural    C. artificial    D. similar

　　[答案]B. natural.

　　[注釋]natural自然的，與后半句“許多人認為它們是真的”相呼應。

　　175. The managing director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further information.

　　   A. communicate    B. notice    C. notify    D. note

　　[答案]C. notify.

　　[注釋]notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.筆記；v.記下，摘下。