高一英語語法基礎點睛：主謂一致的考點講解、訓練
來源：高考網整理 2009-09-29 10:34:11
高一系列復習資料（8）主謂一致的考點集匯，講解和訓練
八、主謂一致
【考點直擊】
1. 語法一致的原則
2. 意義一致的原則
3. 鄰近一致的原則
【名師點睛】
謂語受主語支配，須和主語在人稱和數上保持一致，這叫做主謂一致。主謂
一致一般遵循三條原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近一致原則。
1. 語法一致的原則
（1）以單數名詞或代詞，動詞不定式短語作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數;主語為復數時，謂語用復數，例如：
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
（2）由and或both……and連接的并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。例如：
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主語如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數。例如：
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
（3）由and連接的并列單數主語之前如果分別由each, every修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。例如：
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
（4）主語是單數時，盡管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介詞短語，謂語動詞仍用單數。例如：
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
（5） 一些只有復數形式的名詞，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞要用復數。例如：
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
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