高考英語短文改錯測試重點及分類解析
2008-01-21 10:33:31新東方
第一章 短文改錯測試重點及分類解析
根據短文改錯的命題特點， 我們可以按照以下四步進行備考快速練習。
第一步： 審題。通讀全文， 了解大意。全面把握文章整體(時態、 題材及內容)。
第二步： 重讀全文， 應先確定一些明顯的錯誤， 以便疏通短文， 化繁為簡， 為后面解題打開思路。許多問題可在這一階段得到解決。從詞法、 句法到行文邏輯三方面著手， 逐句而不是逐行地分析、 找錯。
第三步： 綜觀全篇， 看錯誤類型的比例是否得當、 前后邏輯是否一致、 有無前后矛盾等現象。
第四步： 認真檢查， 避免出現以下錯誤： 符號不規范； 一個詞改為幾個或幾個改為一個； 該大寫的未大寫； 合成詞只改了其中一部分等。
下面，我們根據詞性不同， 來對改錯題目進行分類解析。
第一節 名 詞
在短文改錯中見到名詞時， 應檢查是否有數、 格及名詞前限定詞用法等錯誤。漢語中的名詞在形式上無復數變化， 而是通過在名詞前加數詞來表示； 英語則不同， 除了在名詞前加數詞之外， 如果是可數名詞， 還應將該名詞變為復數形式。
1. 檢查句中名詞的單復數形式是否符合句意。
2. 檢查句中有無可數名詞和不可數名詞的誤用。
3. 檢查句中有無所有格的誤用。
4. 檢查句中有無名詞前限定詞的誤用。
練 習
請改正下列句子中的語法錯誤， 注意名詞的使用。
1. He is on good term with me.
2. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.
3. His opinion is considered to be great value.
4. He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school.
5. Give me three spoonful of sugar.
6. His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian.
7. A few peoples live to be a hundred years old.
8. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.
9. He is a friend of my brother.
10. The observation of the law is the first duty of every citizen.
注 釋
1. term → terms, term的復數形式表示條件、 關系， on good terms with...意為“與……關系良好”。
2. friend → friends, make friends with...與某人交朋友。
3. be great value → be of great value, value是名詞， be of+名詞=be+形容詞。即of great value=greatly valuable。
4. girl’s → girls’， 女子高中是a girls’ high school。
5. spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可數名詞。
6. scandinavian → Scandinavian’s。.
7. peoples → people此處people作“人講”， 是復數名詞。
8. year’s → years’。
9. brother → brother’s應是brother’s friends, 其后做了省略。
10. observation → observance(遵守), observation意為觀察。
第二節 動詞的謂語形式
一、 謂語動詞的時態
1. 掌握各種時態的用法
2. 注意時態的協調一致
1)在簡單句中， 時態要與時間狀語一致。
2)當兩個或兩個以上的謂語共用一個主語時， 其時態要求一致。
3)由并列連詞連接的兩個句子， 時態上也要求一致。
4)當遇到賓語從句和間接引語時， 若其主句是過去時， 則在從句中也必須使用過去時。但是當賓語從句表示的是客觀事實和真理時， 一般用一般現在時。
5)與賓語從句一樣， 主語從句、 表語從句和同位語從句的時態也要求和主句的時態一致。
6)定語從句和狀語從句也要與主句的時態相呼應， 當從句謂語表示的動作與主句的動作同時發生時， 要用相同的時態。
二、 謂語動詞的語態
1. 檢查句子是否該用被動語態。
2. 檢查被動語態形式是否正確。
3. 檢查被動語態的時態與句中其他時態是否相呼應， 其數是否與其主語一致。
三、 謂語動詞的語氣
虛擬語氣是動詞的一種特殊形式， 用來表示說話人所說的話不是客觀存在的事實， 而是一種與事實相反的愿望、 可能、 推測、 建議、 要求、 假設或主觀的設想等。改錯時應特別注意：
1. 虛擬語氣在條件句中的應用。
2. 虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用。
3. 虛擬語氣在主語從句中的應用。
四、 情態動詞
下列用法常是短文改錯的焦點：
1. must表示“必須， 不得不”時， 其否定式是needn’t或do not have to； must not則表示“不許， 禁止”。
2. need與dare既可作情態動詞， 也可作實義動詞； 而作實義動詞時， 若要構成問句和否定句， 就需要助動詞do/does/did。
3. “can+have+過去分詞”結構用在疑問句和否定句中， 表示對過去的事情所作的推測。
4. “could+have+過去分詞”結構除用來表示對過去的事情所作的推測外， 還可用來表示某事有可能在過去發生， 但實際上并沒有發生。
5. “may/might+have+過去分詞”結構用來表示對過去的事情所作的推測。(“可能已經……了”)
6. “must+have+過去分詞”結構用來表示對過去的事情所作的肯定判斷。(“……一定已經……了吧”)
7. “should/ought to+have+過去分詞”結構用來表示過去應做而未做的事， 含有自責或責備的語氣。(“本來應該……的”)
8. “need not+have+過去分詞”結構用來表示過去做了沒有必要做的事。(“本來不必……的”)
練 習
1. After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.
2. When I reach at the end of a cigarette, my money has gone up in smoke.
3. The island has little vegetation(植被)， it scarcely raises above the surrounding sea.
4. In our school the teachers would leave most students go out early on Friday afternoons before football games.
5. Ours was the first group of swimmers who had dove into the new pool.
6. I will like to know where you were born.
7. I would like you read it again.
8. What will you like to do when you finish your course at Leeds?
9. I hope you can visit my country soon, because I’d to show you some lf. the beautiful places near my home.
10. My father mustn’t have said such a thing.
注 釋
1. had chose → had chosen.
2. reach at → reach, reach是及物動詞。
3. raises above → rises above, raise是及物動詞， rise是不及物動詞。
4. leave → let.
5. had dove → had dived.
6. will → would.
7. you read → you to read. would you like其后加不定式。
8. will → would.
9. I’d to → I’d love/like to.
10.mustn’t → can’t， 否定推測要用can’t或couldn’t, can’t + have + p.p.表示對過去事情否定推測。
第三節 動詞的非謂語形式
一、 動詞不定式
1. 不定式可作主語。
2. 當不定式的邏輯主語是動作的承受者時， 一般要用不定式的被動式。但是在某些形容詞后面， 即使是這樣， 也不用被動式。
3. 某些動詞后面只能跟不定式作賓語。
4.當不定式作賓語， 且后面又有賓語補足語時， 通常用it作形式賓語來代替不定式， 而把不定式后置。
5. had better, would rather than等詞的后面只跟不帶to的不定式。
6. 動詞不定式的一般式表示它與謂語動詞同時發生， 或在其后發生； 其完成式則表示動作發生在謂語動詞之前。但要注意動詞plan, expect, wish, intend, mean, want, would(should) like等后面的不定式的完成式表示原打算要做而最終未做成的事情。
二、 動詞的-ing形式改錯指導
以下動詞只能跟-ing形式作賓語， 不能跟不定式。如： advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, appreciate, imagine, include, mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等。
三、 過去分詞改錯指導
注意下列幾組動詞的-ing形式和過去分詞之間的區別： surprising(令人吃驚的)， surprised(感到驚訝的)； interesting(令人感興趣的)， interested(感興趣的)； disappointing(令人失望的)， disappointed(感到失望的)； encouraging(令人鼓舞的)， encouraged(感到鼓舞的)
練 習
1. I was used to go to the cinema once a week.
2. He has never been heard speak ill of others.
3. We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security.
4. He always enjoys to read a detective story.
5. His father would not let him to go.
6. It is difficult to make yourself understand in English.
7. You should avoid to keep company with such people.
8. Smiling graciously, my offer was accepted by him.
9. You had better not to go there.
10. The doctor advised me giving up to smoke.
注 釋
1. was used to → used to， used to +動詞原形表示過去的習慣， be used to+名詞/動名詞表示習慣的持續。
2. speak → to speak， 感觀動詞/使役動詞改為被動語態時， 要將主動態時省去的“to”還原。
3. say → said， said是過去分詞作補足語， 而it是形式主語。
4. to read → reading, enjoy其后只可加動名詞。
5. to go → go, let是使役動詞， 其后接不帶to的不定式作補足語。
6. understand → understood, make oneself understood譯為“使別人了解自己的意圖即自己被別人理解”。
7. to keep → keeping， avoid其后加動名詞作賓語。
8. my offer was accepted by him → he accepted my offer， 分詞短語smiling graciously的動作執行者是he， 而不是my offer。
9. to go → go， had better其后接動詞原形。
10.giving up to smoke → giving up smoking, advise sb. to do sth.,而give up其后接動名詞或名詞。
第四節 形容詞與副詞
在短文改錯中見到形容詞和副詞時， 檢查句中是否誤把形容詞作副詞或誤把副詞用作形容詞， 尤其是一些詞形完全一樣的形容詞與副詞。
1. 檢查句中形容詞與副詞的位置是否正確。
2. 若句中有系動詞， 檢查其后跟的是形容詞還是副詞。
3. 檢查句中有無易混淆的形容詞的誤用和易混淆的副詞的誤用。
4. 檢查句中有無形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級的構成錯誤。
5. 檢查句中有無形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級的使用錯誤。
6. 檢查并列結構前后形容詞與副詞的級別是否對等。
練 習
1. He was impossible to find it out.
2. You should be respectable towards your teachers.
3. I am absolutely uncapable to tell a lie.
4. I’ll be convenient next Sunday.
5. You must make your parents happily.
6. He looked differently after his return from Europe.
7. The number of girls is very few.
8. This shirt is wool(l)en.
9. Let asleep dogs lie.
10. All the present students must cast their votes.
注 釋
1. impossible → unable. Impossible是非人稱形容詞， 不可用來修飾人， 或可用It is impossible for him to find it out.
2. respectable → respectful(恭敬的), respectable(可尊敬的)。
3. uncapable → unable/uncap able to tell或incapable of telling, capable的反義詞是incapable, be unable to+動詞原形， be incapable of + doing(沒有能力做)。
4. I’ll be convenient next Sunday → Next Sunday will be convenient to me ,convenient是非人稱形容詞。
5. happily → happy, 這里是賓語+賓語補足語。
6. differently → different, look是感觀動詞， 其后要用形容詞修飾其主語。
7. few → small， 主語The number(表示數目)用small/large表示大小。
8. is woolen → (made) of wool, 該句還可寫為“This is a woolen shirt.” woolen只可用作定語， 不可用作表語。
9. asleep → sleeping, asleep是睡熟的， 不可用作定語。Let sleeping dogs lie.(勿惹是生非， 勿打草驚蛇)。
10.the present students → the students present(出席的學生), the peasant students(現在的學生)。
第五節 冠 詞
1. 檢查有無兩個不定冠詞之間的誤用。
2. 檢查有無定冠詞不定冠詞之間的誤用。
3. 檢查有無漏用冠詞的情況。
4. 檢查有無錯用冠詞的情況。
練 習
1. Last Sunday we went to school to play basketball.
2. Plato left behind him a view of the universe set forth in his dialogue in an unique combination of logic and drama.
3. I have read a interesting story.
4. What kind of a book do you have?
5. You’re in right; it’s not your fault.
6. The most of us are flattered when we receive a compliment.
7. Why are you at home in such a fine weather?
8. He was elected the Mayor of New York.
9. Horse is useful animal.
10. Goldsmith is said to have traveled from a place to a place.
注 釋
1. school → the school， 表示去某場所而不是去上學(go to school)。
2. an → an unique［ju?蘗nik］其第一音素是輔音。
3. a → an.
4. a book → book, kind of后面名詞不加不定冠詞。
5. right → the right, in the right(有理)， 而in right右邊。
6. The most → Most, most表示大多數時不加the。
7. in such a fine weather → in such fine weather. weather是不可數名詞。
8. The Mayor → Mayor獨一無二的官職、 頭銜， 職稱作補足語或表語時不加冠詞。
9. horse → A horse， horse是可數名詞單數形式其前面必須有冠詞， 不可單獨使用在句子中。
useful animal → a useful animal.
10.from a place to a place → from place to place, 兩個相對等的名詞由and連接表示一種習慣用語時不加冠詞。
第六節 代 詞
一、 人稱代詞改錯指導
1. 注意人稱代詞單復數的使用。
2. 注意人稱代詞主格和賓格的區別。
二、 物主代詞改錯指導
對物主代詞的考查主要涉及：
1. 形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之間的區別。
2. 物主代詞指代的使用。
三、 反身代詞改錯指導
表示“某人自己”的代詞稱作反身代詞。它在句中可作賓語、 同位語和狀語， 但不能作主語。在使用反身代詞時， 同樣要注意其單復數和人稱必須與所指代的名詞一致。
四、 不定代詞改錯指導
常用的不定代詞有some, any, no, none, many, much, few, little, each, every, one, all, both, either, other, another, others及由some, any, no, every構成的復合詞。不定代詞的用法較復雜， 需要考生特別注意。
五、 指示代詞改錯指導
指示代詞有this, that, these, those, it, such, same等。this和these一般用來指時間和空間上較近的人或物， 也常用來指后面要提到的事情， 有啟下的作用。that和those則常用來指時間或空間上較遠的人或物， 也可用來代替前面出現過的名詞， 以免重復。
練 習
1. Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.
2. Depend upon that he will come here.
3. Whom do you think is the writer of this book?
4. His brother’s case is quite different from me.
5. The population of London is two times as large as this city.
6. People find increasingly difficult to make their living.
7. “I must say good-bye now.” “So I must.”
8. He is taller than any one in his class.
9. I spoke a man who I thought to be my cousin.
10.Only yesterday the hotel manager assured my husband and me that he would accept our reservation for a room.
注 釋
1. whomever → whoever, 這里是由whoever引導的賓語從句作for的賓語， 而whoever在從句中作主語。
2. Depend upon that → Depend upon it that, that所引導的從句不可作介詞賓語， 必須加上it， 再由that引導定語從句。
3. Whom → Who， 這里do you think是插入語， 這里who是作句子主語。
4. me → mine。
5. as this city → as that of this city,這里的that 代替the population作比較的部分是不可省略的。
6. find → find it， 這里的it是形式賓語， 而to make their living是不定式作賓語。
7. So I must. → So must I.
8. any one → anyone else， 這里he也包含在他的班級里， 所以應加else， 表示他比其他的人高。
9. spoke → spoke to
10. I → me， 這里與husband一起作assured的賓語。
第七節 數 詞
1. 檢查有無基數詞與序數詞之間的誤用。
2. 檢查在表示幾百、 幾千、 幾百萬等數字時表述是否正確。
3. 檢查分數的表達是否正確。
4. 檢查在表示“歷史上的幾十年代和某人幾十歲時”的表達方式是否正確。
5. 檢查數詞與其他詞構成的復合形容詞是否正確。
練習
1. About three-fifth of the workers of that steel works are young people.
2. When he was in his fifty, he moved to England.
3. 439 is four hundreds and thirty-nine.
4. The sun is 93 millions miles away from the earth.
5. This big steel plant has a thousand of workers.
6. Hundred of people attended the meeting last night.
7. People lived a hard life in forties.
8. 333 is three hundred thirty-three.
9. He wrote a two-thousand-words report.
10. There are about three hundreds people in the park on National Day.
注 釋
1. three-fifth → three-fifths， 分數表達法是分子用基數詞， 分母用序數詞， 當分子大于1時， 分母應加s。
2. fifty → fifties, in his fifties(在他五十多歲時)， in the fifties(在50年代)。
3. hundreds → hundred.
4. millions → million.
5. a thousand of warders → a thousand worker. Hundred, thousand, million等詞在表示具體數字時， 都不加s， 在表示不確定數字時加s， 同時加of， 如： hundreds of數百； thousands of 數千。
6. Hundred → Hundreds.
7. forties → the forties， 指40年代。
8. hundred → hundred and.
9. two-thousand-words → two-thousand-word.
10. hundreds → hundred.
第八節 介 詞
1. 檢查介詞有無誤用。
2. 檢查句中有無遺漏介詞， 特別要注意作定語用的不定式后是否缺少必要的介詞。
3. 檢查句中有無多余的介詞。
4. 檢查句中介詞與動詞、 名詞、 形容詞、 副詞等的搭配是否正確。
練 習
1. You must write your letter with ink.
2. A man is known to the company he keeps.
3. The field was dotted the great yellow hats of peasants.
4. Don’t approach to a work of art in such a spirit.
5. The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.
6. I was impressed at the zeal which he spoke of the plan.
7. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.
8. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill.
9. It is known to everyone that butter is made of milk.
10. The girl is proud of that her family is well descended.
注 釋
1. with → ink, ink用于使用之材料， with用于工具或媒介。
2. to → by, be known to sb.， 為某人所熟悉， 本句是諺語“觀其友而知其人”。
3. dotted → dotted with, be dotted with(點綴著……)。
4. approach to → approach, approach是及物動詞。
5. absorbed → absorbed in, be absorbed in(專心于……)。
6. at → with, which → with which, be impressed with(被……所感動)， with which起副詞作用。
7. at → on, insist on(堅持)。
8. reached to → reached, reach是及物動詞。
9.of → from, made from...是指制作過程中發生性質變化， made of是物質質地未變。
10. proud of that → proud that, that從句前的介詞of必須省略。
第九節 連 詞
1. 并列句中， 檢查并列連詞的使用是否正確， 有無遺漏并列連詞的情況。
2. 復合句中， 檢查從屬連詞的使用是否正確。
3. 檢查主語從句和同位語從句前的連詞是否遺漏。
4. 檢查有無連詞之間的誤用， 尤其是if和whether之間的誤用。
練 習
1. We become more and more impatient of interruptions when the years go on.
2. It was not until it began to rain when I noticed his umbrella left in my car.
3. At the age of six, my father took me to the circus for the first time.
4. He acted like he had never been in a museum before.
5. You’ll be permitted to bring a watch so that you may keep track of the time during you are taking the test.
6. It was not long since they made their appearance.
7. It was not so much the amount of the money but the money itself that surprised him.
8. There may not be much choice between this one or that.
9. We must eat for we may live.
10. Which do you like better, coffee and black tea?
注 釋
1. when → as,隨著。
2. when → that, It is(was)not until...that是not...until的強調句型。
3. At the age of six → When I was six years old, At the age of six用于句中是指my father。
4. like → as if, as if可以引導虛擬語氣的結構。
5. during → while, during是介詞， 不可引導從句。
6. since → before, not long before(不久……就……)。
7. but → as, not so much...as(與其說……不如說)。
8. or → and, between...and...(在……與……之間)。
9. for—that, that(so that, in order that)+may(might)(為了……)表示目的的連接詞， 而for為表示原因的連接詞。
10. and—or， 表示選擇。
第十節 從句與一致關系
一、 名詞性從句
短文改錯對名詞性從句的考查側重于連詞的選擇和從句的時態。
1. 檢查語序是否正確。
2. 檢查連接詞是否誤用。
3. 檢查是否漏掉了連接詞， 尤其是主語從句和同位語從句中的that。
4. 檢查賓語從句與主句的時態呼應是否正確。
5. 檢查主語從句與謂語的數是否一致。
6. 檢查主語從句后置時， 作形式主語的it是否出現。
7. 檢查有無if與whether的誤用。
二、 定語從句
定語從句的改錯主要涉及關系代詞、 關系副詞的運用以及定語從句中的主謂一致問題。
1. 判斷關系代詞及關系副詞的使用是否正確。
2. 判斷先行詞與定語從句的謂語動詞的數是否一致。
3. 檢查關系代詞的格的使用是否正確， 尤其是在關系代詞作主語和介詞前置時。
4. 檢查有無關系副詞與介詞重復使用的情況。
5. 檢查有無漏掉作主語的關系代詞的情況。
6. 檢查非限制性定語從句的關系代詞使用是否正確。
7. 檢查定語從句中除了關系代詞或關系副詞外， 是否還有多余的代詞或副詞。
三、 一致關系
1. 檢查主謂在數上是否違背了語法一致的原則。
2. 檢查主謂在數上是否違背了意義一致的原則。
3. 檢查主謂在數上是否違背了鄰近原則。
練 習
1. My roommate lives in a small town in central Missouri, a quiet town which I would like to live myself.
2. The United States is composed of fifty states; two of those are separated from the others by land or water.
3. What far is it from here to the station?
4. They want to know how they can do to help us.
5. —Who’s got all my money?
—I do.
6. You smoke again! Why not to give it up?
7. These photos will show you how our village looks like.
8. Someone is at the door. Who is he?
9. —Those shirts are very expensive.
—Do you know how they cost?
10. —Who you think is the richest man in this town?
—I think Mr. Kim is.
注 釋
1. which → where， to live → to live in， live是不及物動詞。
2. of those → of which, those不是關系代詞， 不可引導定語從句。
3. What → How, what修飾名詞， 而how修飾形容詞、 副詞， 用于感嘆句。
4. how → what， what作引導詞， 同時作they can do中動詞do的賓語。
5. I do → I have.
6. to give it up → give it up, why not其后接不帶to的不定式。
7. how → what, 從句中looks like中的like是介詞， 提問的是like后的賓語。
8. he → it.
9. how → how much/what.
10. who you think → who do you think， do you think是插入語， 去掉插入語， 應是陳述語序的疑問句。
第十一節 倒裝與省略
1. 檢查是否有該倒裝而未倒裝的情況。
2. 檢查是否有該省略而未省略的情況。
練 習
將下列各句改為倒裝句， 并強調劃線部分的語氣。
1.The defeated army ran away, leaving many wounded soldiers.
2.We can know the past, but we only feel the future.
3.The news impressed me so strongly that I could not utter a word for some time.
4.Our eyes are opened only after we have made a mistake.
5.I have often heard it said that he is not trustworthy.
6.His faithful dog sat by his side.
7.We must in no case imagine that material comfort is the final goal of human happiness.
8.I never expected that the man would turn up at the meeting.
9. I found so many happy people nowhere else.
10. he said good-bye to me and he drove off.
注 釋
1. Away ran the defeated army....
2. ...but the future we only feel.
3. So strongly did the news impress me that....
4. Only after we have made a mistake are our eyes opened.
5. Often have I heard it said....
6. By his side sat his faithful dog....
7. In no case must we imagine....
8. Never did I expect that....
9. Nowhere else did I find....
10. He said good-bye to me, and off he drove.
第二章
短文改錯綜合練習
Exercise 1
It is Sunday today. I have been studying all day long. On 1. _______
the morning, I had dry breakfast. We had no water to2. _______
drink because the water supply had cut off. The water had 3. _______
come back in the evening. I did maths then. I didn’t stop after 4. _______
12 o’clock. After a short lunch I had the break. Then I went to5. _______
my Sunday English class.
After a long and tired class for more than two hours, I got 6. _______
to home. Some work had been done but some hadn’t. I must 7. _______
review all my subject such as the Sciences and the Humanities, 8. _______
which include Chinese, English, Politics and History as 9. _______
well. That’s terribly! Especially when there was no water. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. On改為In。in the morning為固定搭配。
2. dry前加a。一般來講， 三餐前不加任何冠詞， 但當三餐前有形容詞修飾時， 則必須在形容詞前加不定冠詞。如：We usually have breakfast at eight. I have a wonderful breakfast this morning.
3. 第一個had后加been。根據邏輯， 此處應為被動語態。
4. after改為until。構成“not...until...”句型。
5. the改為a。have a break意為“休息一會兒”， 為固定搭配。
6. tired改為tiring。tired為形容詞“勞累的”， 多用來修飾人； tiring也為形容詞， 意為“令人勞累的”， 用來修飾事物。
7. 刪去to。home為副詞。
8. subject改為subjects。subject是可數名詞。
9. 此行無錯。
10.terribly改為terrible。系動詞后要用形容詞。
Exercise 2
Dear students,
The Students’ Union was going to hold an English Speech 1. _______
contest in the evening of December 30. The purpose 2. _______
is increase the students’ interest in learning English and 3. _______
improve their spoken English. Which is going to be held in4. _______
the school main hall and will begins at 7:30. And the 5. _______
best five students of this English contest will be given6. _______
prizes. Someone in Grade Three will be 7. _______
welcome to take part in it. Those would like to take part 8. _______
in this contest should go to the office of the Students’9. _______
Union and sign it up your names and the topics of your 10. ______
English Speech.
Welcome to this great fun!
答案及解析
1. was改為is。
2. in改為on。指具體某一天的晚上， 要用介詞on。
3. is后加to。此處為不定式作表語。
4. Which改為It。此處應用it指代前文的an English Speech contest， 如用which指代則無主句。
5. begins改為begin。will后需用動詞原形與will共同構成謂語部分。
6. 此行無錯。
7. Someone改為Everyone。everyone側重整體， 指“每個人”； someone側重個體， 意為“某個人”。
8. Those后加who。此處用who引導定語從句。
9. go改為come。根據文章第一句話可知， 此通知發出者是the Students’ Union。所以要用come而不用go。
10. 刪去it。此句中已有賓語your names， 不需用it。
Exercise 3
Listening to foreign broadcast easier 1. _______
if we know something about. There are clues 2. _______
that can help us. One clue is the time of 3. _______
day. Morning programs usually contains many 4. _______
short items of news, informations, etc. The 5. _______
items are short because of most of us are 6. _______
getting ready to going to work in the 7. _______
morning. Often we do not have time listen 8. _______
to long programs. There are time for more 9. _______
details about the subjects discuss in evening programs.10. ______
答案及解析
1. easier前加is。此處應構成“主語+系動詞+表語”句型。
2. about后加it。about是介詞， 后面應接名詞、 代詞、 動名詞作賓語。
3. 此行無錯。
4. contains改為contain。主謂一致錯誤。主語programs為復數形式。
5. informations改為information。information為不可數名詞。
6. 刪去because后面的of。because后面應接一個句子； 而because of后面應接名詞、 代詞、 動名詞。
7. going改為go。be ready to do sth.為固定短語， 意為“準備做某事”。
8. listen前為to。have time to do sth.意為“有時間做某事”。
9. are改為is。主謂一致錯誤。主語time為不可數名詞， 謂語應用單數形式。
10. discuss改為discussed。非謂語動詞錯誤。此處動詞discuss與其邏輯主語subjects應為被動關系， 故用discussed作定語。
Exercise 4
Life on earth depends the sun. Day after 1. _______
day we see its light and feel its warm, but we 2. _______
do not often consider about its origin. 3. _______
Yet there are many remarkable things about the 4. _______
sun. One is their distance from the earth. Even 5. _______
if it could be made, a trip to the sun would spend a long 6. _______
time even by the fastest rocket. 7. _______
The sun is a large satellite. The planet 8. _______
earth is very small in comparison. The sun make 9. _______
us to feel hot, even at a distance of 93 million miles. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. depend后加on。此處depend為不及物動詞， 應與on連用， 表示“依賴， 依靠”。
2. warm改為warmth。warm為形容詞， 在its后應用名詞warmth作feel的賓語。
3. 刪去about。此處consider為及物動詞， 直接接賓語。
4. 此行無錯。
5. their改為its。依上文此處指代“太陽的”。
6. spend改為take。take應由物作主語， 表示時間或金錢的花費， 而spend則通常用人作主語。
7. by改為in。in the fastest rocket為固定用法， 表示具體的運輸工具。
8. satellite改為star。satellite意為“衛星”， star多用來指恒星。
9. make改為makes。此處make應與主語第三人稱單數the sun保持一致。
10. 刪去to。當不定式作make的賓語補足語時， 應省略to。
Exercise 5
After I finished the school this year, I began to 1. _______
look for work. Now several month later, I still hadn’t2. _______
found the job that I was interested. Last Sunday morning3. _______
I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr. Smith. 4. _______
He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do very 5. _______
well in your studies. I may provide a job for you.” I entered 6. _______
his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I 7. _______
will go through the job -hunting talk today and he would8. _______
take me on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised, 9. _______
what he said disappointing. He only needed a model. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. 刪去the。冠詞錯誤。finish school意為“完成學業， 畢業”， school為抽象名詞， 前不加冠詞。
2. month改為months。名詞單復數錯誤。several修飾可數名詞復數形式。
3. interested后加in。介詞錯誤。be interested in是固定詞組。
4. him改為himself。代詞錯誤， 根據文意應為“自稱是”。
5. do改為did。動詞錯誤。句意應為“我聽說你(過去)學習不錯”， 因為現已畢業。
6. 此行無錯。
7. beaten改為beating。非謂語動詞錯誤。a beating heart相當于a heart which is beating。
8. will改為would。動詞時態錯誤。主句是過去時， 賓語從句要用相應的時態。
9. surprised改為surprise。to one’s surprise/joy為習語搭配， 只能是名詞。
10. said后加was。動詞謂語漏用錯誤。What he said是主語從句， was disappointing是謂語。
Exercise 6
Once an old man saw a bag on his way to home. 1. _______
In the bag there was a wolf. It was catching and put in 2. _______
the bag by a shepherd(牧羊人) a few minutes ago.
The wolf asked the old man to let him out.3. _______
The old man took pity on him and opened bag.4. _______
When the wolf got out, said to the old man, “I am very hungry. 5. _______
I want to eat you.” The other old man could do nothing 6. _______
and cry for help. Just then the shepherd came and saw this. 7. _______
He beat the wolf to death by a stick. Then he said to the 8. _______
old man, “wolves want to eat men all the time. It’s nature 9. _______
will never change. We should took this as a good lesson.” 10. ______
答案及解析
1. 刪去to。home是副詞， 前面不能接介詞。
2. catching改為caught。主語it與catch的關系為被動關系， 故用was caught。
3. 此行無錯。
4. bag前加the。bag在此重復提到， 為特指。
5. said前加he。代詞漏用錯誤。此句缺少主語， 并且要與上文him保持一致。
6. 刪去other。接上下文沒有“另一個老人”。
7. and(cry)改為but(cry)。can do nothing but意為“只得做”， 為習慣搭配。
8. by改為with。介詞錯誤。“用……工具”常用“with...”。
9. It’s改為Its。同音詞混淆錯誤。此處應為“它的本性”。
10. took改為take。情態動詞后應接動詞原形。
Exercise 7
Dear Sir,
I’m glad to recommend (推薦) to you my friend Li Ming.
Li Ming was born on July 15, in 1974 in Beijing. 1. _______
He graduated from Xisi Primary School in 1986. 2. _______
When he was in the middle school, he did good in maths, 3. _______
physics and chemistry and fond of art. After graduating 4. _______
from No.4 High School, he entered into Beijing 5. _______
University study physics. After four years of hard 6. _______
work there, he went to the United States for farther7. _______
study. Because of his excellent work, he get a doctor’s 8. _______
degree in physics this year. He is now in good
health but would like to make contributions to our 9. _______
country. I should be most grateful if you would favorably
consider my recommendation.
Looking forward to receive your early reply.10. ______
Yours truly,
Wang Li
答案及解析
1. 刪去1974前的in。時間狀語是年、 月、 日的只需用一個介詞； 但若是年、 月、 日、 時的， 則要用at six thirty, on the morning of May 4th, 2001。
2. 此行無錯。
3. good改為well。固定詞組be good at, do well in意為“在……學得很好”。
4. fond前加was。動詞謂語殘缺錯誤。fond是形容詞， and引導并列謂語結構， 故用詞組was fond of。
5. 刪去into。動詞enter是及物動詞， 直接接賓語。
6. study前加to。此處用不定式短語作目的狀語。
7. farther改為further。farther意為“更遠的”， 表示實際距離； further意為“深遠的， 進一步的”， 指抽象概念， 這里為“深造學習”， 應用further study。
8. get改為got。時態錯誤。
9. but改為and。根據上下文邏輯， 前后兩分句為并列遞進關系， 而非轉折關系。
10. receive改為receiving。look forward to中的to為介詞， 后面應接名詞或動名詞。
Exercise 8
Sept. 10th Wednesday Fine
Today is Teacher’s Day. I attended a celebration1. _______
meeting hold by our school. At the meeting, 25 2. _______
advanced teachers were praised and those had3. _______
completed 30 years of teaching were given medals.4. _______
My the first English teacher was one of those praised.5. _______
After the meeting, my classmates and I went to see them.6. _______
Seeing us, the grey-haried teacher looked
exciting. When we said we all wanted to be teachers 7. _______
and devoted ourselves to education in the future, he8. _______
nodded with satisfaction. He said in firm voice, 9. _______
“teaching is a noble job. Man would be stupid with 10. _______
education.” We all agreed and were greatly encouraged by his words.
答案及解析
1. Teacher’s改為Teachers’。“……(人)的節日”一般用名詞復數表泛指。如： Children’s Day, Women’s Day等。
2. hold改為held。此處為過去分詞作定語表被動關系。
3. had前加who。仔細分析句子結構便可知此處應為定語從句， those或all等詞后只能接who， 不能用that。
4. 此行無錯。
5. 刪去the。序數詞前有my等形容詞性物主代詞時， 不需要用定冠詞。
6. them改為him。代詞指代應一致。根據下文the grey-haired teacher看出， 此處應為him。
7. exciting改為excited。人作主語時， 表語一般用過去分詞； 物作主語則用現在分詞。
8. devoted改為devote。根據句意可知， and后的devote應與不定式短語be teachers并列。
9. in后加a。in a loud/low voice為固定短語。
10. with改為without。介詞邏輯錯誤。根據常識可判斷， 該處想表達的原意為“沒有教育， 人類將會愚昧無知”。
Exercise 9
The other day my brother Tom was beginning his 1. _______
motorbike then our neighbor, Mary came out and asked 2. _______
him if he was going near the station. So he offered her a lift.
She got at the back of the motorbike and3. _______
they drove away. Just before they reached to the station4. _______
a policeman waved to them to stop. “Excuse me, sir,” he
said. “You are not sitting on that motorbike properly.”
“What’s matter with the way I’m sitting?” my brother5. _______
asked in surprise. “Not you, sir. It’s a young lady,” said 6. _______
the policeman. “In this country side-saddle(偏座) is not 7. _______
permitted when one ride a motorbike.” Mary made an excuse 8. _______
that she was from Italy, where it isn’t considering to9. _______
break the law when people take the side-saddle.
The policeman shook head and drove away.10. ______
答案及解析
1. beginning改為starting。begin和start都有“開始”的意思， 但start還可指開動機器等。該句中表示“開動， 發動”， 因此應用start。
2. then改為when。當前一個分句動作正在進行時， 突然又發生了另一動作， 應用連詞when。
3. at改為on。get on為固定的動詞短語， 意為“上車”。
4. 刪去to。reach為及物動詞， 其后不接介詞。
5. matter前加the。“What’s the matter with...?”是日常生活中常用口語句型。
6. a改為the。這里的young lady特指上文的青年婦女， 其前應用定冠詞the。
7. 此行無錯。
8. ride改為rides。在when引導的時間狀語從句中， 主語為第三人稱單數， 謂語為一般現在時態， 也應用動詞第三人稱單數。
9. considering改為considered。在where引導的非限制性定語從句中， 主語是謂語動作的承受者， 應為被動語態。
10. head前加his。head為可數名詞， 其前應加限定詞。
Exercise 10
Japan is a beautiful country, covering with many1. _______
tiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased 2. _______
country. It is known for “the land of the cherry blossom3. _______
(櫻花)” because of the spring of the year the cherry 4. _______
trees are so beautiful. Everywhere there are hundred of 5. _______
different kinds of wild flowers. Where there are
not natural gardens, the Japanese 6. _______
has made their own. Because the islands are so hilly7. _______
there is a great shortage of the soil, so very little bit 8. _______
is used. No matter how tiny may be, every home has its 9. _______
own little garden. Japan is a country worthy of a visit. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. covering改為covered。be covered with是固定搭配， 意為“為……所覆蓋”， 此處過去分詞短語作后置定語， 修飾country。
2. pleased改為pleasant。pleased意為“感動高興的”， 通常用來指人； pleasant意為“令人高興的”， 通常用來指物。
3. for改為as。be known for是“因……而眾所周知”的意思； be known as意為“以……知名”。
4. of改為in。此處because引導原因狀語從句， 從句中in the spring of the year作時間狀語。
5. hundred改為hundreds。固定詞組hundreds of意為“數以百計的”。
6. not改為no。not為副詞， 不能修飾名詞； 修飾名詞gardens應用no。
7. has改為have。the Japanese指的是日本人民， 應用復數形式。
8. 刪去the。soil為物質名詞， 其前不用定冠詞。
9. tiny后加it。此處讓步狀語從句缺主語。
10. 此行無錯。
第三章 歷年高考改錯真題
(1996年～2007年)
NMET 1996
Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit 1. _______
to a American family. They live in a small 2. _______
town. It was very kind for them to meet me 3. _______
at the railway station and drove me to their home.4. _______
The Smiths did his best to make me feel 5. _______
at home. They offered me coffee and other 6. _______
drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing 7. _______
together. They eager to know everything about 8. _______
China and asked me lots of question. In fact, 9. _______
they are planning to visit China in next year.10. ______
答案及解析
1. 刪去 time。
2. 第一個 a 改為 an。
3. for 改為 of。
4. drove 改為 drive。to meet 和 to drive 是平行結構， 可視為 drive 前省略 to。
5.his改為their。此處為指代錯誤。因為指史密斯夫婦， 故用their。
6. 此行無錯。
7. have改為had。綜觀全篇可知， 此處應為一般過去時態。
8. 在eager前加were。eager是形容詞， 需與系動詞共同構成謂語。
9. question改為questions。此處為可數名詞。
10. 刪去in。含有this, last, next等的時間狀語前不加介詞。
NMET 1997
Dear Bob,
Hello. I learn about you from my English teacher, 1. _______
Miss Fang. I’d like to your penfriend, and get to 2. _______
know more about your country.
First, let me tell you something more about myself.3. _______
My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the 4. _______
capital of China. I go to Hongqi Middle School. We5. _______
study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, 6. _______
English and physics. I use to play ping-pong a lot7. _______
in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.8. _______
Do you play any ball games? What your favorite9. _______
sport? I look forward to hear from you soon. 10. ______
Yours,
Li Hua
答案及解析
1. learn 改為 learnt或learned。
2. to 后加 be 或 become。
3. 刪去more。第一次告訴 Bob 關于自己的一些事情， 此處用 more 不合邏輯。
4. where 改為 which。在此非限定性定語從句中， 關系詞在從句中作主語， 故用 which。
5. 此行無錯。
6. subject 改為 subjects。quits a few 意為“相當多”， 修飾可數名詞復數。
7. use 改為 used。據下文 but now 可知， 此處應用used to do 表示“過去常常 做某事”。
8. interesting 改為 interested。be interested in…為固定短語， “對……感興趣”。
9. What 后加 is。此句無謂語。
10. hear 改為 hearing。look forward to doing sth.為固定短語。
NMET 1998
My Favorite Sport
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of 1. _______
our school football team. We practise for three times 2. _______
every week and often watch football match on TV 3. _______
together. Play football not only makes us grow 4. _______
tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and 5. _______
team spirit. We must keep in mind that we play6. _______
for the team instead ourselves. Also, the sport 7. _______
teaches us the important of obedience (服從). Each8. _______
player must obey captain, who is the leader of 9. _______
the team. And they must not break the rules too 10. ______
often if we want to win the game.
答案及解析
1. was 改為 am。綜觀全篇時態可知。
2.刪去 for。time 表示次數時， 之前一般無介詞， 直接用作狀語。如： We have meals three times a day。
3. match 改為 matches。
4. Play 改為 Playing。此處應用動名詞作主語， 表示經常性、 習慣性動作， 而動詞不定式作主語則表示一兩次的動作。
5. give 改為 gives。此處和上文 makes 一起作謂語， 屬平行結構。
6. 此行無錯。
7. instead 后加 of。instead 為副詞， instead of 為介詞短語。此處接賓語 ourselves， 需用介詞短語。
8. important 改為 importance。
9. captain 前后 the。像 chairman， captain， monitor， mayor 這類詞表示職務時， 前面用零冠詞。但如這類職務用于指某人時， 前面用定冠詞。
10. they 改為 we。
NMET 1999
The Problem with Television
Now I can’t watch much television but a few years 1. _______
ago I was used to watch it every night. I was often 2. _______
a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV 3. _______
demands very little effort. Unfortunate, there are 4. _______
too many people among my family. Some wanted 5. _______
to see the programme while others preferred 6. _______
another. I am happy with any programme but 7. _______
the others spent a lot time arguing and there 8. _______
was no way of settling the matter except by 9. _______
selling the TV set. Now someone at home reads instead. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. 刪去 much。“I can’t watch much television”意為“我不能看許多電視”， 上下文邏輯不通。much 屬于多余。
2. 刪去 was。由上文句意可知“我現在不看電視， 而過去每晚都看電視”， 因此應用 used to do。
3. watch 改為 watching。作句子主語需用動名詞。
4. Unfortunate 改為 Unfortunately。此處應用副詞作狀語。
5. among 改為 in。“in my family”為習慣搭配， 意為“在我家中”。
6. the 改為 one。由下文的another可知， 上文用one。
7. am 改為 was。綜觀全文時態可知。
8. a lot 后加 of。
9. 此行無錯。
10. someone 改為 everyone 或 everybody。someone 意為“某個人”； everyone/ everybody 意為“每個人”。根據上下文邏輯可知。
2000 春季
Dear Peter,
Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday 1. _______
party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but 2. _______
had an examination on Monday morning. It is 3. _______
a very important exam but I can’t afford to 4. _______
fail it. I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading 5. _______
and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that I 6. _______
won’t be able to come in this time. Hope you7. _______
can understand. I’ll take this chance to wish 8. _______
you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy 9. _______
birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!10. ______
Yours,
Li Ming
答案及解析
1. on 改為 for。動詞 thank 與名詞 thanks 通常與介詞 for 搭配。
2. much 后加 to。 I’d like to do something 為固定結構。
3. had 改為 have。綜觀全文時態可知。
4. but 改為 so。根據上下文邏輯， 此處應為因果關系。
5. 刪去 all。all 與 the whole 重復， 只能保留一處， 由于在此題型中， 只有多一個單詞的可能， 故此處只能刪去 all。
6. prepare 改為 preparing。與上文的 reading 形成平行結構， 以滿足“spend some time on sth./in doing sth.這一句型的需要。
7. 刪去 in。含有 this， that， last， next 等的時間狀語前不加任何介詞。
8. 此行無錯。
9. wonderful 前加 a。
10. return 改為 returns。return 此處為名詞， many happy returns of the day 意為“祝你健康長壽”。
NMET 2000
The day before the speech contest (比賽) English teacher1. _______
talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all 2. _______
wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would 3. _______
win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt 4. _______
so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many 5. _______
people present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English 6. _______
teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at 7. _______
me. I remembered her words and calm down. 8. _______
I did a good job and won the first prize.
Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.9. _______
Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. teacher 前加 my。根據下行 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success， 可判斷 English teacher 應是特指。
2. schoolmate 改為 schoolmates。因本句中有 all 一詞， 所以 schoolmate 一詞應為復數形式。
3. that 改為 whether。根據上下文， 可判斷本句意為“我是否成功沒有關系”， 所以這里用 whether。
4. 此行無錯。
5. as 改為 that。根據句子結構， so 應與 that 構成復合句， that 引導結果狀語從句， 在此不能用 as 引導。
6. 刪去a。catch sight of 為固定搭配， sight 前不加任何冠詞。
7. but 改為 and。smiling 和 nodding 為兩個并列動作， 在邏輯上無轉折關系， 故 but 改為 and。
8. calm 改為 calmed。在 and 連接的兩個并列句中， remember 和 calm 為兩個并列動作， 為過去時態。故 calm 改為 calmed。
9. is 改為 are。本句用 my picture 和 the prize 作主語， 是復數形式， 后謂語動詞應和其主語保持一致。
10. 刪去often。句首已用 whenever “無論何時”， 在句中就沒必要用 often 了。
2001春季
I used to love science class—all of them—1. _______
biology, chemistry ,geography, physics. I think I 2. _______
liked those classes because I felt that it helped me 3. _______
understand what the world works. For example, when4. _______
I was a child , the rain was a mystery (奧秘). In one5. _______
class, I learned it rained. I think science classes 6. _______
clear up mysteries. But then there is always more 7. _______
mysteries look into. What was my least favorite class? 8. _______
That was maths. After learn the basics of the subject, 9. _______
nothing else seemed very practically to me . I never 10.______
saw how I could use it in my daily life.
答案及解析
1. class 改為 classes。class 為可數名詞， 根據下文， 這里 class 為復數， 故改為 classes。
2. 此行無錯。
3. it 改為 they。這里指代上文的 those classes。
4. what 改為 how。work 此處為不及物動詞， 不可用連接代詞 what 作賓語， 只可用連接副詞 how 作狀語。
5. 刪去 rain 前的 the。此處 rain 為泛指。
6. it 前加 why。根據上下文邏輯， 此處意為“在課上， 我明白了天為什么會下雨”。
7. is 改為 are。
8. look 前加 to。需用不定式作定語。
9. learn 改為 learning。此處 after 為介詞， 后需用動名詞作賓語。
10. practically 改為 practical。seem 在此句中作系動詞， 其后應用形容詞作表語。
NMET 2001
Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers 1._______
nor sisters—in any other words, I am an only child. 2._______
My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can 3._______
make sure that I get a good education. They did not want 4._______
me to do any work at family; they want me to 5._______
devote all my time to my studies so that
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. 6. _______
We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do7._______
not seem to get much time to talk about together. It looks8._______
as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. Do they 9._______
really understand their own daughter? What things are in 10._______
other homes, I wonder.
答案及解析
1. 此行無錯。
2. 刪去 other 前的 any。in other words 為固定搭配， 意為“換句話說”。
3. can 后加 to。此處不定式為目的狀語。
4. did 改為do。縱觀全文， 應用一般現在時態。
5. family 改為 home。family 多指由家庭成員、 婚姻維系的“家”， 而 home 則多指“住所”。另外， at home 為固定搭配。
6. subject 改為 subjects。subject 屬可數名詞， all 后應用其復數。
7. a 改為the 。same 作定語時前面一般用定冠詞。
8. 刪去 talk 后的 about。
9. and 改為or。a visitor 和 a guest 屬不同類的兩種人， 故不可用 and 連接， 需用or表示選其一。
10. What 改為 How。此處是 I wonder 引導的賓語從句， 意為“我想知道在別人家里的情況是怎樣的”。
2002春季
My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy.
He did not want share things with other people. For 1._______
example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them 2._______
in a secret place where I couldn’ t find it. Then he 3. _______
ate it all by himself. He never helped other. 4. _______
He said he is busy. That is, a game of 5. _______
tennis making him very busy. He did not care 6. _______
if something he did made people angry. For 7. _______
instance, on one night he played strong and 8. _______
loudly music till four o’clock in the morning. But 9. _______
he is difference now. He often helps grandma 10.______
with housework, helps mom with cooking and helps his
classmates with their lessons.
答案及解析
1. want 后加 to。want to do sth. 為固定搭配。
2. them 改為 it。依據上下文， 前句 a chocolate cake 為可數名詞單數， 后邊的代詞顯然用 it， 而不是 them。
3. where 改為 which/that 或刪去 where。此為定語從句， 先行詞 place在從句中作 find 的賓語， 只能用關系代詞 which 或 that 或省略。
4. other 改為 others 。不定代詞 other 指另一個， 而 others 指另一些。
5. 第一個 is 改為 was。此題考查動詞的時態。
6.making 改為 made。本句缺少謂語， 需要把making 改為 make 的一般過去時態。
7. 此行無錯。
8. 刪去 on。one night 前不需要任何介詞。
9. loudly 改為 loud。loudly 是副詞， 此處修飾名詞 music， 應用形容詞。
10. difference 改為 different。應用形容詞與系動詞一起構成系表結構。
NMET 2002
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s famous1. _______
mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather2. _______
was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 3 _______
the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we 4._______
climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples 5. _______
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 6. _______
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly.7. _______
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at8. _______
the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and 9. _______
the service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep
at the moment my head touched the pillow.10. ______
答案及解析
1. famous 前加 a。mountain 為可數名詞。又是第一次被談及， 故應在 famous 前加不定冠詞。
2. 此行無錯。
3. noon 后加 when 。It was about noon 是主句， 后面的應為從句， 故在 noon 后加when， 此處 when 意為“在……時候”。
4. them 改為 us。綜觀全文可知， 此文是用第一人稱的口吻來敘述的。
5. visiting 改為 visited。此處climbed， visited 和 told 構成并列謂語。
6. picture 改為 pictures。
7. passes 改為 passed。應與全文時態一致。
8. 刪去 down。
9. and 改為 but。飯菜很貴不是一件令人愉快的事， 而服務質量很高確實是一件好事， 故前后為轉折關系。
10. 刪去 at。the moment直接引導時間狀語從句。
2002北京卷
What should you do when your parents become1. _______
angry? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation2. _______
with them about it . Remembering not to shout 3. _______
at them. They usually will try to change, but they will 4. _______
take some time because they get angry all their life, and that 5. _______
is all they know . You might have to change for your6. _______
method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your7. _______
parents that they don’t expect—like cooking,
doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean 8. _______
the floors. If this doesn’t work , bring in friend that you 9. _______
feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.10. ______
答案及解析
1. 此行無錯。
2. got 改為get。通讀全篇， 可知道本文基本時態應為一般現在時。
3. Remembering 改為 Remember。本句為祈使句， 表示建議， 主語省略。
4. they 改為 it。they 前為轉折連詞 but， 表明其后為一個句子， 這里應用 it 代表前面整個句子。如： Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder， but it didn’t help。此處的代詞 it， 代替“Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder”這一句子的內容。
5. life 改為 lives。這是考查名詞的數， life 是可數名詞單數， 句子主語用的是they， 與其一致應用lives。
6. 刪去 for。因為 change 作“改換”講時為及物動詞。如： Can you change me one yuan note?你能兌換一元零錢給我嗎?而 change for作“轉換車到……”解。如： Where should you change for Guilin? 你在什么地方轉車到桂林去?
7. any 改為 some。any 一般用于疑問句、 否定句、 條件從句中， 而 some 一般用于肯定句中。此處為祈使肯定式， 故用 some。
8. clean 改為 cleaning。應與 cooking， doing， washing 一致， 作介詞賓語。
9. friend 前加 a。friend 為普通可數名詞單數， 其前應加不定冠詞 a。
10. comfortable 后加 with。comfortable with 意為“與……自在/愉快”。例如：
She feels comfortable with those who speaks English。她和講英語的人談話覺得很自在。
2003春季
Many teachers worry about the effects of television on young
people. According to studies, any children spend more time 1. _______
watching television than they spend in school. Because so 2. _______
much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of3. _______
read and the ability to enjoy themselves. No one worries 4. _______
much about the radio program young people listen to, 5. _______
although radios can be very noise. Teachers also wonder 6. _______
about the effects of television commercials. On one year the 7. _______
average child will see 25,000 television commercials, all 8. _______
planned and written by grown-ups to make children to want9. _______
things that they don’t real need. 10. ______
答案及解析
1. any 改為 many/some。根據句意， 此處應表示“一些， 許多”， 而 any 表示“一些”時， 常常用于否定句、 疑問句和條件句中。
2. Because 后面加 of。此處 so much viewing 相當于一個名詞， 故加 of。
3. 刪去 be。此處 may not develop 已經構成謂語動詞部分， be 屬于多余。
4. read 改為 reading。of 為介詞， 后面需要接名詞、 代詞、 動名詞作賓語。
5. program 改為 programs。program 為可數名詞， 且根據句意， 此處應為復數概念。
6. noise 改為 noisy。noise 為名詞， noisy 為形容詞。此處應用形容詞構成系表結構。
7. On 改為 In。根據上下文邏輯， 此處意為“在一年中”。
8. 此行無錯。
9. 刪去第二個 to。make sb. do sth. 為固定搭配， 意為“讓某人做某事”。
10. real 改為really。此處應用副詞修飾謂語動詞 don’t need。
NMET 2003
When I first learned to write in English， I ran into 1. _______
many difficulties. The main problem was in that I 2. _______
always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything 3. _______
into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. 4. _______
I followed her advice and should put down 100 words 5. _______
or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on 6. _______
paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. 7. _______
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my 8. _______
teacher. She liked it very much and reads it to the class. 9. _______
They all said the story was a good one. Their word were 10. ______
a great encouragement to me.
答案及解析
1. 此行無錯。
2. 刪去 in。根據句意及句子結構， 此處為表語從句。
3. anything 改為 everything。此處為肯定句， anything 意為“任何一件事”， 側重個體； 而 everything 意為“一切事情”， 側重整體。
4. my 改為 a。keep a diary 為固定短語， 意為“記日記”。
5. 刪去 should。and 連接兩個并列的平行結構， 前后時態均為一般過去時態。
6. talk 改為 talking。enjoy doing 為固定用法。故此處必須用動名詞作賓語。
7. me 改為 myself。express oneself 為固定短語。
8. showed 后加 it。show 為及物動詞， 后面應接賓語。
9. reads 改為 read。and 連接兩個并列的平行結構， 前后時態均為一般過去時態。
10. word 改為 words。根據句意， 此處應為“他們的話語， ”用 words。
NMET 2004
Dear Ralph,
I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1. _______
describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2. _______
it seems always difficult for me to do things well as3. _______
them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as4. _______
a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 5. _______
Besides, I have few friends. I don’t know that they 6. _______
don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other7. _______
very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8. _______
once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t 9. _______
seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 10. _______
Yours,
Xiao Wei
答案及解析
1. of改為from。of表示所屬意義， 此處應為“來自一個小城鎮”。
2. quietly改為quiet。describe后接名詞或代詞+ as +名詞或形容詞， 其中as +名詞或形容詞作賓語補足語， 表示“把…描寫成什么/什么樣子”。
3. well前加as。as well as“跟…(做得)一樣好”。
4. to改為at。laugh to...意為“對…大笑”。laugh at...意為“嘲笑”， 有明顯的、 有意的敵意的含義， 根據后文and see me as a fool， 故應用laugh at才對。
5. 此行無錯誤。
6. that改為why。that引導賓語從句， 本身無意義， 只起連接作用。
7. talked改為talk。整篇文章敘述的都是現在的情況。改為現在時， 使其與上下文一致。
8. stranger改為strangers。與句子主語we一致。
9. since改為but。根據上下文， 前后句之間為轉折關系。
10. 刪除about。tell的結構為：tell sb. sth. “告訴某人某事”， 表示直接意義； tell sb. about sth. “告訴某人有關某事的某些內容”， 表示間接意義。
NMET 2005
There are advantage for students to work while 1. _______
studying at school. One of them was that 2. _______
they can earn money. For the most part, 3. _______
students working to earn money for their own 4. _______
use. Earning their own money allow them 5. _______
to spend on anything as if they please. 6. _______
They would have to ask their parents for 7. _______
money or for permission to do things by 8. _______
the money. Some students may also to save 9. _______
up for our college or future use. 10. _______
答案及解析
1. advantage改為advantages。應使用可數名詞的復數形式。
2. was改為is。時態和整篇文章的時態不一致。
3. 此行無錯誤。
4. working改為work。此句缺少謂語動詞。
5. allow改為allows。主謂不一致， 動名詞做主語謂語用單數。
6. 刪除if。此處please作不及物動詞， 意為“喜歡， 想要”， as引導定語從句， 修飾先行詞anything。
7. would 后添加not。上下文邏輯有誤。
8. by改為with。by表示“使用”時， 其后不能使用定冠詞the， 故改為with。
9. 去掉to。may為情態動詞， 其后應使用動詞原形。
10. our改為their。代詞的指代不一致， 指代第三人稱復數形式的物主代詞應為their。
2005浙江卷
At first I was not quite willing to sit down and
watched the 90-minute football match. Usually I just 1. _______
checked the results because I thought that was dull 2. _______
to watch a game in which players kicked a ball each 3. _______
other. Therefore, my father loves football. During the 4. _______
World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch 5. _______
his favorite sport. Seeing his strong interest in this 6. _______
game of 22 men run after a ball, I decided to sit down 7. _______
to watch the game. I found the game excited, and my 8. _______
dad explained for the rules. We shared our joy. Football 9. _______
is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!10. _______
答案及解析
1. watched改為watch。“and”連接兩個并列的不定式“to sit down”和“(to)watch”， 所以要用動詞原形。
2. that改為it。it作形式主語， “that”不行。
3. each之前添加to。“把球互相踢來踢去”， 要在“kick a ball”后加上介詞to。
4. Therefore改為However。由上下文可知“therefore(因此)”與句義不符， 應改為 “however(然而)”。
5. stays改為stayed。考查時態一致， 時間狀語“in 2002”， 應用一般過去時。
6. 此行無錯誤。
7. run改為running。running為現在分詞作定語， 修飾“22 men”， 相當于定語從句“who run”。
8. excited改為exciting。要用“exciting”修飾“the game”， 表示“令人興奮的”， “excited”用來修飾人。
9. 刪除for。“explain”是及物動詞， 直接跟賓語， 無須加介詞。
10. badly改為bad。be動詞后用形容詞作表語， 不能用副詞。
2005重慶卷
It is bad manners in the classroom to look for what our 1. _______
neighbor had written, or try to see what mark he has received 2. _______
without being permitted. It is good manners for them to help 3. _______
each other if we have the same desire and the teacher allows to it. 4. _______
In examinations and in certain kinds of written work, it is dishonest 5. _______
and foolishly to help or to ask help from others. When one student 6. _______
does so, much larger values are destroying. One may not agree 7. _______
to examination system, but at present it is basically the only 8. _______
measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend to 9. _______
decide if or not each of us meets the requirement. 10. _______
答案及解析
1. for改為at。在教室看鄰座所寫的是不禮貌的， look for為尋找， 通常指失去的找回來。
2. had改為has。此處主從時態應一致。
3. them改為us。考查代詞一致。由本句后文“if we have...”可判斷。
4. 刪除to。考查動詞allow為及物動詞， 后面的介詞to應刪去。
5. 此行無錯誤。
6. foolishly改為foolish。and 連接的兩個形容詞在形式上應該保持一致。
7. destroying改為destroyed。考查動詞語態，“much larger values”應被摧毀。
8. examination system之前添加the。“examination system”此處特指下文中的“the only measure”。
9. depend后添加on。 “depend on”為固定短語， 指依賴、 依靠。
10. if 改為whether。考查if和whether在表“是否”時用法的區別。if不能與or not連用。
2005湖北卷
Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over 1. _______
the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since 2. _______
long ago, many adults and children called their friends together 3. _______
to spend hours, even days play games. One of the reasons people 4. _______
like to play is that sports help them to live happily. In other words, 5. _______
they help to keep people strong and feel good. When people are 6. _______
playing games, they move a lot. That is how sports are good activities 7. _______
for their health. Having fun with their friends make them happy. 8. _______
many people enjoy sports by watching the others play. In American 9. _______
big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games. 10. _______
答案及解析
1. and改為but。前文說并非所有的人都喜歡工作， 下文說每個人都喜歡玩， 是轉折關系。
2. woman改為women。并列的四個名詞均為復數。
3. 在 called前加have。根據句意， 應使用現在完成時。
4. play改為playing。固定搭配， spend hours (in) playing games。
5. 此行無錯誤。
6. feel改為feeling。固定搭配keep sb. feeling good， 使人們感覺良好。
7. how改為why。how不符合句意。
8. make改為makes。分詞短語作主句， 謂語動詞用單數。
9. 把others前的冠詞the去掉。許多人喜歡觀看別人運動， others前加冠詞意為“其余的人”， 與文意不符。
10. sell改為buy。在大城市里人們買票觀看體育比賽。
2006年高考真題
全國卷1
We had guests last night who have not stayed 1. _______
in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 2. _______
because that they were going out early in the 3. _______
morning. They came back lately and had some 4. _______
tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 5. _______
them just go through the kitchen door but turn 6. _______
on the light. He was looking for a glass the 7. _______
cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 8. _______
not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought, 9. _______
“What can I do? We are guests after all.” 10. ______
答案
1. have → had2. ago → before
3. 刪除that4. lately → late
5. 此行無錯誤6. but → and
7. glass后添加in8. ideas → idea
9. me → myself10. We → They
全國卷2
An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea
between France and England in the balloon in 1784. High 1._______
over the water, they discover a hole in the balloon. The 2._______
hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the 3._______
balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was 4._______
coming up. The two men threw all their equipment into5._______
the water to make the balloon light. It started to rise 6._______
higher again. So it was still too close to the water. 7._______
Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to 8._______
save themselves. The crowd waiting for to greet them in 9._______
England was very surprised see this when the balloon 10.______
landed in front of them.
答案
1. the → a2. discover → discovered
3. keeps → keeping4. ?菁
5. up → down6. light → lighter
7. So → But8. his → their
9. 刪除for10. see前添加to
山東卷
Dear Ming,
It was very nice to hear from you for such a long time. I’m 1._______
glad to learn that you’ve been settled down in Boston and are 2._______
getting used to the local ways of life. 3._______
As you know, I’m still buried in books at school you are 4._______
so familiar with. What may surprise you are that I’m going to 5._______
the US this July in a summer camp! Surely I’m expecting lots 6._______
of sightseeing tours, parties and another exciting things. We must 7._______
definitely meet when I’m over. As is planning, I’m coming 8._______
to Boston around the 15th, and I wonder if you’ll free then so 9._______
we could chat about the good older days. 10.______
Hope to see you soon.
Yours,
Xiao Lei
答案
1. for → after2. 去掉been
3. ways→way4. at與school之間插入the
5. are→is6. in→on
7. another→other8. planning→planned
9. free前添加be10. older→old
安徽卷
There is a public library in every town in Britain. Anyone 1._______
can borrow books if he or she wish. In some places you2._______
may borrow as more books as you need, but in others 3._______
you are limited in a certain number of books. You may 4._______
keep the books for several weeks so as you can have 5._______
enough time to finish it. If the book you want is out 6._______
you may ask it to be kept for you. Most public libraries 7._______
also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk 8._______
and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other 9._______
books, but you are not permit to take them out. 10.______
答案
1. ?菁2. wish → wishes
3. more → many4. in → to
5. as → that6. it → them
7. ask → ask for8. that → where
9. 去掉other前的the10. permit → permitted
浙江卷
Dear Mr. Donforth,
I’m writing to ask you come to our class for a visit. I’ve 1. _______
heard that you have been to Greece. In our Greece unit, we 2. _______
have been learning about it’s rich culture and long history. 3. _______
Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to 4. _______
know whether you have seen the old buildings here. We have 5. _______
learned a lot from the textbook, but I believe you personal 6. _______
experience will be a lot better. Your knowledges of Greece can 7. _______
help the whole class. Could you share you experiences for 8. _______
us? It will be surely exciting and rewarding. I hoped that you 9. _______
think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly. 10. ______
答案
1. you 后添加 to2. ?菁
3. it’s → its4. 去掉 so
5. here → there6. you → your
7. knowledges → knowledge8. for → with
9. hoped → hope10. possibly → possible
2007年高考真題
全國卷1
I was only about six that he held his hand 1. _______
out to me. I took it in me and we walked. Then 2. _______
I ask him, “Grandpa, how come you have 3. _______
so much lines on your hand?” He laughed and 4. _______
said, “Well, that’s a big question!” He was 5. _______
silent for a moment. So he answered slowly: 6. _______
“Each these lines stands for a trouble in my 7. _______
life.” I looked at his other hands. “But Grandpa, 8. _______
what do you have more lines on that one?” 9. _______
“Because there are more the honors and joys 10. _______
in my life.”
答案
1. that→when2. me→mine
3. ask→asked4. much→many
5. √6. So→Then/And
7. each后添加of8. hands→hand
9. what→why10. 刪除the
天津卷
In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get 1. _______
only 36 percent of the answer correct. I failed the 2. _______
next one, either. I started to think that maybe I was 3. _______
not good at it. However. I was not lucky enough to 4. _______
have a teacher which didn’t take my bad grades as a 5. _______
judgment of my abilities, but simply like an indication 6. _______
how I should study harder. He pulled me aside and told 7. _______
me that he knew I could do better. He permitted to retake 8. _______
the test, and I was pulled my grade to an A. This is what 9. _______
I discovered: just because a subject is difficulty to learn, 10. _______
it doesn’t mean you are not good at it.
答案
1. get→got2. answer→answers
3. either→too4. 刪除第二個not
5. which→who/that6. like→as
7. how→that8. permitted后添加me
9. 刪除was10. difficulty→difficult
遼寧卷
One day in the restaurant where I worked, I am serving a 1. _______
table of four and each person had ordered the different 2. _______
kind of fish. Three plate were already on the table when 3. _______
the man closest to me pointing to one plate and asked me 4. _______
the name of the fish on it. Before I could answer him, he 5. _______
continued to ask me the name of the fish on another one 6. _______
plate. I was about to answer him while I noticed that the 7. _______
last plate on my tray(托盤)began to fall. They fell noisily 8. _______
to the floor seconds late, spreading its contents on the 9. _______
carpet. Everyone stared me and I stood there with a red face. 10. _______
答案
1. am→was2. the→a
3. plate→plates4. pointing→pointed
5. √6. 刪除one
7. while→when8. They→It
9. late→later10. stared后添加at
福建卷
May 10, 2007
Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down 1. _______
and hurt my foot. I was in greatly pain at that moment, 2. _______
but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the 3. _______
class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to 4. _______
my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused 5. _______
the offer of help of my classmates. As result, the hurt 6. _______
in my foot became worse. Now I know I’m wrong. We 7. _______
can tell others our need for help and accept his help. 8. _______
Some day we can not help others in return. In this way, 9. _______
we can get along to each other happily and peacefully. 10. _______
答案
1. while→when2. greatly→great
3. has→had4. walk→walking
5. but→and6. as后添加a
7. √8. his→their
9. 刪除not10. to→with
